Note on Per Capita Personal Income and Population

The Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) state per capita personal income statistics are calculated by dividing personal income by population. BEA used Census population figures to calculate annual per capita personal income statistics for 2020 through 2023, and quarterly per capita personal income estimates for the second quarter of 2020 through the third quarter of 2024. For 2010 through the first quarter of 2020, BEA produced intercensal annual state population statistics for 2010 to 2019, and quarterly statistics for the second quarter of 2010 through the first quarter of 2020 that are tied to the Census Bureau’s decennial counts for 2010 and 2020. BEA developed intercensal population statistics because this data was not published when Census released state population data for 2020 through 2023, which are based on the 2020 decennial counts. In early 2025, BEA will incorporate official intercensal population data released by Census on November 7.

BEA produced intercensal population figures to create consistent time series that are used to prepare per capita personal income statistics. BEA used the Census Bureau Das Gupta method, modified to account for an extra leap year day, to produce the intercensal population figures that will be used until Census releases its official intercensal population data.